# IPSS: Institute for Peace \& Security Studies

> Welcome to the Institute for Peace and Security Studies \(IPSS\) at Addis Ababa University\. We promote African\-led solutions for peace, security, and conflict management

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## Pages
- [WHAT WE DO](https://ipss-addis.org/what-we-do/)
- [PUBLICATIONS](https://ipss-addis.org/publications/)
- [Education and Professional Development](https://ipss-addis.org/who-we-are/team/education-and-professional-development/)
- [Academic Staff](https://ipss-addis.org/what-we-do/academic-center/academic-staff/)
- [Communications \& Information Technology \(CIT\)](https://ipss-addis.org/who-we-are/team/communications-information-technology-cit/)

## Posts
- [A Candidacy that Rose and Fell too Fast](https://ipss-addis.org/a-candidacy-that-rose-and-fell-too-fast/)
- [Criticism and the African Union](https://ipss-addis.org/criticism-and-the-african-union/)
- [Call for Applications: Communications and Information Technology \(CIT\) Manager](https://ipss-addis.org/call-for-applications-communications-and-information-technology-cit-manager/)
- [Call for Applications: Institutional Development Manager](https://ipss-addis.org/call-for-applications-institutional-development-manager/)
- [Call for Applications: Training Coordinator](https://ipss-addis.org/call-for-applications-training-coordinator/)

## Projects
- [Book Launch: The Global Ethiopian Diaspora](https://ipss-addis.org/project/book-launch-the-global-ethiopian-diaspora/)

## Downloads
- [Civilian Rule Under Strain: Coup Attempts in Madagascar, Guinea\-Bissau and Benin and their Implications for the African Governance Architecture](https://ipss-addis.org/download/civilian-rule-under-strain-coup-attempts-in-madagascar-guinea-bissau-and-benin-and-their-implications-for-the-african-governance-architecture/): Recent coup attempts in Madagascar \(October 2025\), Guinea\-Bissau \(November 2025\), and Benin \(December 2025\) signal mounting pressure on civilian rule in Africa\. While the continent has experienced a wave of successful military takeovers since 2020, the persistence of attempted coups in states with differing political trajectories underscores the fragility of constitutional governance\. It equally reveals widening gaps in the norm\-setting, enforcement, and preventive capacities of the African Governance architecture \(AGA\), particularly its normative framework against Unconstitutional Changes of Government \(UCG\), anchored in the African Charter on Democracy, Elections and Governance \(ACDEG\)\. This policy brief examines coup attempts in Madagascar, Guinea\-Bissau and Benin to identify emerging patterns, common drivers, contextual differences and their broader implications for the African Governance Architecture\. It finds that while successful coups in Madagascar and Guinea\-Bissau exploited significant political legitimacy gaps, the failed coup attempt in Benin reflects a range of factors, including the loyalty of the security forces to the civilian leadership, as well as a rapid response by state authorities in containing threats\. It therefore argues that although Africa has witnessed an upsurge in coup attempts in recent years, such attempts do not inevitably succeed\. The Benin case, in particular, offers important insights into preventive measures and rapid state response that could inform the efforts of the African Union and its member states to strengthen preventive diplomacy, reinforce civilian supremacy over the military and safeguard constitutional order in Africa\. 
- [Policy Perspectives on Reparations](https://ipss-addis.org/download/policy-perspectives-on-reparations/)
- [Mursi Priorities for Community\-Led Health, Education, Veterinary Care, Clean Water and Agriculture](https://ipss-addis.org/download/mursi-priorities-for-community-led-health-education-veterinary-care-clean-water-and-agriculture/)
- [Emboldening APSA for Africans: Early Warning and Conflict Prevention Findings and Lessons](https://ipss-addis.org/download/emboldening-apsa-for-africans-early-warning-and-conflict-prevention-findings-and-lessons/)
- [Holistic Recovery: Enhancing Conflict Prevention and Response for Agenda 2063](https://ipss-addis.org/download/holistic-recovery-enhancing-conflict-prevention-and-response-for-agenda-2063/)

## Events
- [Ontologies of Peace in  Ethiopian Societies](https://ipss-addis.org/event/ontologies-of-peace-in-ethiopian-societies/)
- [Focus Group Discussion \(FGD\) on the Reform of the United Nations Security Council \(UNSC\)](https://ipss-addis.org/event/focus-group-discussion-fgd-on-the-reform-of-the-united-nations-security-council-unsc/)
- [39th AU summit outcomes: does the AU focus on the right priorities?](https://ipss-addis.org/event/39th-au-summit-outcomes-does-the-au-focus-on-the-right-priorities/)
- [Critical Minerals, Energy and Conflict](https://ipss-addis.org/event/critical-minerals-energy-and-conflict/)
- [From Ratification To Reality: Protecting Women’s SRHR In Conflict And Fragile Contexts](https://ipss-addis.org/event/from-ratification-to-reality-protecting-womens-srhr-in-conflict-and-fragile-contexts/)

## Optional
- [Sitemap index](https://ipss-addis.org/sitemap_index.xml)